Retractable lens system and method of retracting a retractable lens system

ABSTRACT

A retractable lens system includes a plurality of optical elements. All of the plurality of optical elements are positioned on a common optical axis when the retractable lens is in use. A removable element of the plurality of optical elements is moved to a removed position outside of the common optical axis, and the removable element and at least one element of the remaining elements of the plurality of optical elements are moved rearward, respectively, when the retractable lens system is in a retracted position.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a retractable lens system which can extend from and retract into a body of an optical instrument such as a camera using sensitive film or a digital camera using a CCD or CMOS image sensor. The present invention also relates to a method of retracting such a retractable lens system.

2. Description of the Related Art

The demand for miniaturization in compact cameras is ever increasing. Specifically, in cameras having a retractable photographing lens, there has been a strong demand for further reduction of the length of the retractable photographing lens when fully retracted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a retractable lens having a structure making it possible to further reduce the length of the retractable lens when it is fully retracted. The present invention further provides a method of retracting a retractable lens which makes it possible to further reduce the length of the retractable lens when it is fully retracted.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a retractable lens having an optical system including a plurality of optical elements is provided. All of the plurality of optical elements are positioned on a common optical axis to constitute a photographing optical system when the retractable lens system is in a ready-to-photograph position. At least one removable element of the plurality of optical elements is moved to a removed position outside of the common optical axis, and the removable element and at least one element of the remaining elements of the plurality of optical elements are moved rearward, respectively, when the retractable lens system is in a retracted position.

It is desirable for the removable element to be positioned outside of at least one element of the remaining elements of the plurality of optical elements with respect to the common optical axis when the retractable lens system is in a retracted position.

The removable element can move rearward parallel to the common optical axis after being moved to the removed position when the retractable lens system moves to the retracted position.

An optical axis of the removable element of the optical elements can be parallel to the common optical axis when the retractable lens is in the retracted position.

The optical elements can include a plurality of the removable elements.

Each removable element of the plurality of removable elements can be moved in different directions from the common optical axis to each respective the removed position.

It is desirable for a rotational axis of a rotational member for moving at least one of the plurality of optical elements along the common optical axis to be eccentric to the common optical axis of the photographing optical system.

It is desirable for the removable element of the optical elements to be positioned within the periphery of the rotational member when the retractable lens is in the retracted position.

The rotational member can be a cam ring.

The retractable lens can be incorporated in a camera.

It is desirable for the retractable lens moves to the retracted position when a main switch of the camera is turned OFF.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of retracting a retractable lens system having a plurality of optical elements is provided, wherein all of the plurality of optical elements are positioned on a common optical axis to constitute a photographing optical system when the retractable lens system is in a ready-to-photograph position. The method includes moving at least one element of the plurality of optical elements in a radial direction to a removed position outside of the common optical axis; retracting the removable element of the optical elements rearward after being moved to the removed position; and retracting at least one element of the remaining elements of the plurality of optical elements along the common optical axis.

The removable element can be positioned outside of at least one element of the remaining elements of the plurality of optical elements with respect to the common optical axis, when the retractable lens system is in a retracted position.

The removable element can move rearward parallel to the common optical axis after being moved to the removed position.

An optical axis of the removable element of the optical elements can be parallel to the common optical axis when the retractable lens system is in the retracted position.

According to another embodiment, a retractable zoom lens system is provided, wherein at least a portion of the lens groups are moved continuously along an optical axis to vary a focal length; wherein at least one radially movable lens group of the plurality of lens groups is radially moved from among the plurality of lens groups so that the radially movable lens group and at least one lens group of the remaining lens groups of the plurality of lens groups are positioned so as to overlap in the same positional range in the optical axis direction when the retractable zoom lens is in the retracted position.

It is desirable for the radially movable lens group to be the smallest in diameter among the plurality of lens groups.

The retractable zoom lens system can further include an adjustable diaphragm having an aperture the diameter of which being variable. The adjustable diaphragm can positioned between two adjacent lens groups of the plurality of lens groups. The radially movable lens group is at a position behind the adjustable diaphragm when the zoom lens system is in a ready-to-photograph position.

The adjustable diaphragm can serve as a diaphragm shutter.

The retractable zoom lens system can further include an adjustable diaphragm having an aperture the diameter of which is variable. The adjustable diaphragm is positioned between two adjacent lens groups of the plurality of lens groups. The radially movable lens group is positioned closest to the adjustable diaphragm among the plurality of lens groups when the zoom lens system is in a ready-to-photograph position.

The adjustable diaphragm can serve as a diaphragm shutter.

It is desirable for the radially movable lens group to be at a position behind a frontmost lens of the plurality of lens groups.

The present disclosure relates to subject matter contained in Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-44306 (filed on Feb. 21, 2002) which is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a retractable zoom lens of a digital camera in a ready-to-photograph state, according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the retractable zoom lens shown in FIG. 1 in a fully retracted state when the camera is not in use;

FIG. 3A is a cross sectional view of fundamental elements (which includes lens groups, a diaphragm shutter, a low-pass filter and a CCD) of the retractable zoom lens shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3B is a cross sectional view of fundamental elements (shown in FIG. 3A) of the retractable zoom lens shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of fundamental elements of the retractable zoom lens shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 5A is a front elevational view of the fundamental elements shown in FIG. 4, with a linear guide ring removed for clarity, in a ready-to-photograph state;

FIG. 5B is a view similar to that of FIG. 5A and illustrates the fundamental elements shown in FIG. 4, with the linear guide ring removed for clarity, in a fully retracted state;

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the elements shown in FIG. 5A, wherein a stationary ring member is partially cutaway for clarity;

FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the elements shown in FIG. 5B, wherein a second lens group support frame is partially cutaway for clarity;

FIG. 7A is a front elevational view of the fundamental elements shown in FIG. 4, in a ready-to-photograph state, with the linear guide ring and the second lens group support frame being removed for clarity;

FIG. 7B is a view similar to that of FIG. 7A and illustrates the fundamental elements shown in FIG. 4, in a fully retracted state, with the linear guide ring and the second lens group support frame being removed for clarity;

FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the elements shown in FIG. 7A;

FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the elements shown in FIG. 7B;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of the elements shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B;

FIG. 10A is a perspective view of fundamental elements of the retractable zoom lens shown in FIG. 1, showing a support structure supporting a retractable lens group frame on the second lens group support frame, as viewed from behind in the optical axis direction of the retractable zoom lens;

FIG. 10B is a view similar to that of FIG. 10A, showing the same support structure in a different state;

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a retractable zoom lens in a fully retracted state, according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a retractable zoom lens in a fully retracted state, according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a retractable zoom lens in a fully retracted state, according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a front elevational view of a camera showing an example of optical elements removed from the optical axis of the retractable zoom lens; and

FIG. 15 is a front elevational view of a camera showing another example of optical elements removed from the optical axis of the retractable zoom lens.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The overall structure of a first embodiment of a retractable zoom lens according to the present invention will be hereinafter discussed with reference to FIGS. 1 through 3. The retractable zoom lens 10 is incorporated in a digital camera, and is provided with a photographing optical system having a first lens group L1, a diaphragm shutter S, a second lens group (radially movable portion/removable optical element) L2, a third lens group L3, a low-pass filter (optical filter) F, and a CCD image sensor (image pick-up device) C. “Z1” shown in FIG. 1 designates the optical axis of the photographing optical system. The first lens group L1 and the second lens group L2 are driven along the optical axis Z1 in a predetermined moving manner to perform a zooming operation, while the third lens group L3 is driven along the optical axis Z1 to perform a focusing operation. Note that the zooming operation can be performed by moving at least two lens groups in the optical axis direction, respectively, such as in the present embodiment, or by moving at least one lens group and the image surface (for example the CCD image sensor) in the optical axis direction, respectively.

As clearly seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second lens group L2 is the smallest in diameter among all the three lens groups L1, L2 and L3.

In the retractable zoom lens 10 having the above described photographing optical system, all the optical elements of the photographing optical system are positioned on the common optical axis Z1 in a ready-to-photograph state as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3A; whereas the second lens group L2 removed from a position on the optical axis Z1 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis Z1 to be positioned on an eccentric optical axis (removable-element optical axis) Z1′ (see FIGS. 2 and 3B) in a fully retracted state (retracted position) as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B. When the second lens group L2 is moved to the removed position, the second lens group L2 does not overlap the other optical elements of the photographing optical system (i.e., the first lens group L1, shutter S, the third lens group L3, the low-pass filter F and the CCD image sensor C) in the optical axis direction. At the same time, in the fully retracted state, the second lens group L2 (i.e., an optical element having been removed from the optical axis Z1) is retracted along the eccentric optical axis Z1′ while also at least one of the remaining optical elements of the photographing optical system, which are not removed from the optical axis Z1, are retracted along (parallel to) the optical axis Z1. The manner of such movements of the optical elements of the photographing optical system makes a further reduction of the length of the retractable zoom lens 10 possible when the retractable zoom lens 10 is fully retracted.

When the retractable zoom lens 10 is changed from the ready-to-photograph state shown in FIGS. 1 and 3A to the fully retracted state shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B, firstly the second lens group L2 is radially retracted from a position on the optical axis Z1 to be placed on the eccentric optical axis Z1′, which is eccentric with respect to the optical axis Z1, on which the remaining optical elements of the photographing optical system lie. Subsequently, the second lens group L2 is retracted along the eccentric optical axis Z1′ and at the same time the first lens group L1, the diaphragm shutter S and the third lens group L3, among the aforementioned remaining optical elements of the photographing optical system, are retracted along the optical axis Z1. In the fully retracted state (fully accommodated state) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B, the removed second lens group L2 which lies on the eccentric optical axis Z1′ and other optical elements of the photographing optical system which lie on the optical axis Z1 (i.e., the third lens group L3, the low-pass filter F and the CCD image sensor C in this particular embodiment) are positioned so as to overlap in the same positional range in the optical axis direction of the optical axes Z1 and Z1′. In other words, the second lens group L2 is positioned outside of the third lens group L3, the low-pass filter F, and the CCD image sensor C with respect to the optical axis Z1 (in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis Z1), in the fully retracted state.

The structure of the retractable zoom lens 10 which makes it possible to achieve the above described manner of retraction of the optical elements of the photographing optical system will be discussed in detail with reference mainly to FIGS. 1 and 2. The retractable zoom lens 10 is provided with a CCD frame 11, a stationary barrel 12 and a front exterior frame 13, which are all stationary elements. The low-pass filter F and the CCD image sensor C are fixed to the CCD frame 11. The front exterior frame 13 is provided with an opening 13 a through which outer and inner linear barrels 16 and 17 extend and retract the retractable zoom lens 10.

A rotating ring 14 is fitted on the stationary barrel 12 to be rotatable about a rotational axis Z2 and to be immovable along the rotational axis Z2. The stationary barrel 12 is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a set of radial projections 12 a, and the rotating ring 14 is provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof with a corresponding set of circumferential grooves 14 a in which the set of radial projections 12 a of the stationary barrel 12 are respectively engaged to be slidable in the set of circumferential grooves 14 a therealong. Due to the engagement of the radial projections 12 a with the circumferential grooves 14 a, the rotating ring 14 is supported by the stationary barrel 12 to be rotatable thereon about the rotational axis Z2 while being prevented from moving along the rotational axis Z2.

The rotating ring 14 is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a circumferential gear 14 b which is in mesh with a pinion 15. The pinion 15 is driven to rotate by a motor M (see FIG. 1). Rotating the pinion 15 forward and reverse by the motor M causes the rotating ring 14 to rotate forward and reverse about the rotational axis Z2. The rotational axis Z2 is eccentric to the optical axis Z1 of the photographing optical system. The rotating ring 14 is provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof with a set of rotation transfer grooves 14 c. Annular members (16, 17, 18, 19 and 20) which will be hereinafter discussed are arranged coaxially about the rotational axis Z2.

The retractable zoom lens 10 is provided therein with the outer and inner linear barrels 16 and 17, a cam ring (rotational member) 18, a linear guide ring 19 and a second lens group support frame 20, in that order in a radial direction from the outside of the retractable zoom lens 10 to the rotational axis Z2. The stationary barrel 12 is provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof with a set of linear guide grooves 12 b, and the linear guide ring 19 is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a corresponding set of linear guide projections 19 a which are respectively engaged in the set of linear guide grooves 12 b. The linear guide ring 19 moves only along the optical axis Z1. The linear guide ring 19 is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a circumferential projection 19 b, while the cam ring 18 is provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof with a circumferential groove 18 a in which the circumferential projection 19 b is engaged. The engagement of the circumferential projection 19 b in the circumferential groove 18 a allows the cam ring 18 to rotate about the rotational axis Z2 with respect to the linear guide ring 19 while preventing the cam ring 18 and the linear guide ring 19 from moving along the optical axis Z1 relative to each other. The cam ring 18 moves along the optical axis Z1 together with the linear guide ring 19 whenever moving along the optical axis Z1, and is rotatable about the rotational axis Z2 relative to the linear guide ring 19.

The stationary barrel 12 is provided with a set of cam through slots 12 c which radially extend through the wall of the stationary barrel 12. The cam ring 18 is provided with a corresponding set of follower pins 18 b which extend radially outwards to extend through the stationary barrel 12 through the set of cam through slots 12 c to be engaged in the set of rotation transfer grooves 14 c, respectively. The cam profile of the cam through slots 12 c is determined so that the cam ring 18 firstly moves to the most extended position thereof shown in FIG. 1 and thereafter only rotates about the rotational axis Z2 via engagement of the cam through slots 12 c with the rotation transfer grooves 14 c when the rotating ring 14 is driven to rotate in a forward rotational direction to extend the outer and inner linear barrels 16 and 17 from the opening 13 a in a fully retracted state shown in FIG. 2.

The cam ring 18 is provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof with a set of cam grooves 18 c in which a set of follower projections 20 a which are formed on an outer peripheral surface of the second lens group support frame 20 are respectively engaged. The cam ring 18 is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a set of cam grooves 18 d in which a set of follower pins 17 a which are formed on an inner peripheral surface of the inner linear barrel 17 are respectively engaged. As shown in FIG. 4, the second lens group support frame 20 is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a set of linear guide grooves 20 b, and the linear guide ring 19 is provided on front thereof with a set of linear guide bars 19 c which are respectively engaged in the set of linear guide grooves 20 b to be slidable thereon in the direction of the optical axis Z1, i.e., in the optical axis direction of the photographing optical system of the retractable zoom lens 10. The second lens group support frame 20 is guided in the direction of the optical axis Z1 by engagement of the linear guide bars 19 c with the linear guide grooves 20 b. Therefore, forward and reverse rotations of the cam ring 18 cause the second lens group support frame 20 to move forward and rearward along the rotational axis Z2 in accordance with the contours of the set of cam grooves 18 c.

The outer and inner linear guide barrels 16 and 18 are coupled to each other so as to move together while being allowed to rotate relative to each other about the rotational axis Z2. Namely, a set of radial projections 18 f formed on an outer peripheral surface of the cam ring 18 are slidably engaged in a corresponding set of circumferential grooves 16 a formed on an inner peripheral surface of the outer linear guide barrel 16.

The outer linear guide barrel 16 is supported by the stationary barrel 12 to be movable only in the direction of the rotational axis Z2 with respect to the stationary barrel 12, while the inner linear guide barrel 17 is supported by the outer linear guide barrel 16 to be movable only in the direction of the rotational axis Z2 with respect to the outer linear guide barrel 16. Namely, a set of linear guide projections 16 b which project from an outer peripheral surface of the outer linear guide barrel 16 are engaged in a corresponding set of linear guide grooves 12 d which are formed on an inner peripheral surface of the stationary barrel 12 to extend parallel to the rotational axis Z2, and a set of linear guide projections 17 b which project from an outer peripheral surface of the inner linear guide barrel 17 are engaged in a corresponding set of linear guide grooves 16 c which are formed on an inner peripheral surface of the outer linear guide barrel 16 to extend parallel to the rotational axis Z2. Therefore, forward and reverse rotations of the cam ring 18 cause the inner linear guide barrel 17 to move forward and rearward along the rotational axis Z2 rotational axis Z2 in accordance with the contours of the set of cam grooves 18 d.

The inner linear guide barrel 17 serves as a first lens group support frame for supporting the first lens group L1. The retractable photographing lens 10 is provided therein with a rotatable lens frame 21 which serves as a second lens group support frame for supporting the second lens group L2. The retractable photographing lens 10 is provided therein in front of the CCD frame 11 with a third lens frame 22 for supporting the third lens group L3. As shown in FIG. 4, the third lens frame 22 is provided with two radial arms 22 a which extend radially outwards in substantially opposite directions. The third lens frame 22 is provided on an end of each radial arm 22 a with a linear guide hole 22 b. One of the two radial arms 22 a is provided in the vicinity of the associated linear guide hole 22 b with a cylindrical portion 22 c which extends forward in parallel to the optical axis Z1 and in which a female screw hole is formed. A feed screw shaft (not shown) is screwed into the female screw hole of the cylindrical portion 22 c. Due to this structure, the third lens frame 22 is driven to move forward and rearward along the optical axis Z1 by a mechanism including the linear guide holes 22 b of the two radial arms 22 a, the cylindrical portion 22 c and the aforementioned feed screw shaft when the feed screw shaft rotates forward and reverse. The feed screw shaft is rotated by an angle of rotation (the number of revolutions) determined by an object distance (lens-to-subject distance).

As described above, the second lens group L2 is removed from a position on the optical axis Z1 when the retractable zoom lens 10 is fully-retracted-barrel state. The mechanism for pulling the second lens group L2 out of a position on the optical axis Z1 will be hereinafter discussed in detail with reference mainly to FIGS. 4 through 10.

The rotatable lens frame 21 is provided with a cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a, a swing arm 21 b and a cylindrical swing portion 21 c. The second lens group L2 is fixed to the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a to be supported thereby. The swing arm 21 b extends radially from the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a. The cylindrical swing portion 21 c extends rearward from a free end of the swing arm 21 b. The cylindrical swing portion 21 c is provided along an axis thereof with a through hole to be fitted on an eccentric pivot 20 c of the second lens group support frame 20 so that the rotatable lens frame 21 is freely rotatable about the eccentric pivot 20 c. The eccentric pivot 20 c extends parallel to the optical axis Z1 from the second lens group support frame 20 from a position thereon eccentric to the optical axis Z1. The second lens group L2, which is fixed 15 to the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a, is movable between a photographing position on the optical axis Z1 (see FIGS. 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A and 10A) and a removed position (eccentric position), i.e., a position eccentric away from the optical axis Z1 (see FIGS. 5B, 6B, 7B, 8B and 10B), by a swing movement of the second lens group support frame 20 about the eccentric pivot 20 c. The rotatable lens frame 21 is always biased to rotate in a rotational direction (counterclockwise direction as viewed in each of FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A and 6B) that positions the second lens group L2, which is held by the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a, on the optical axis Z1 by a torsion spring 23 (see FIG. 1) positioned between the eccentric pivot 20 c and the cylindrical swing portion 21 c. The rotatable lens frame 21 is provided at a free end (swinging end) thereof (at the opposite end with respect to the cylindrical swinging portion 21 c) with an engaging protrusion 21 d which extends from the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a in a direction away from the pivoted end of the rotatable lens frame 21. The second lens group support frame 20 is provided on an inner peripheral surface thereof with a stop protrusion 20 d (see FIGS. 6A, 10A and 10B) against which the engaging protrusion 21 d abuts when the second lens group support frame 20 fully rotates counterclockwise to a position as viewed in FIGS. 5A and 6A. The second lens group support frame 20 is provided with a cutaway portion 20 f into which the cylindrical swing portion 21 c partly enters when the second lens group L2 moves to the removed position (eccentric position) on the optical axis Z1′, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B.

The cylindrical swing portion 21 c is provided on an outer peripheral surface thereof with a position-control projection 21 f, while the CCD frame 11 is provided on a front surface thereof with a position-control cam bar 11 a which extends forward. The position-control cam bar 11 a is engaged with the position-control projection 21 f to control the position of the rotatable lens frame 21. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 9, the position-control cam bar 11 a projects forward from a base 11 b of the CCD frame 11 to extend parallel to the rotational axis Z2. The position-control cam bar 11 a is provided along an inner side edge thereof with an removed-position holding surface 11 a 1 which extends parallel to the rotational axis Z2, and is further provided at a front end of the position-control cam bar 11 a with a cam surface 11 a 2 which is inclined rearwards, toward the base 11 b, from an outer side edge 11 a 3 to the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1. In a state where the position-control projection 21 f of the rotatable lens frame 21 is engaged with the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1, the second lens group L2 is positioned in the removed position, which is eccentric away from the optical axis Z1. In this state, if the rotatable lens frame 21 moves forward along the rotational axis Z2 up to a point where the position-control projection 21 f is engaged with the cam surface 11 a 2, the rotatable lens frame 21 rotates about the eccentric pivot 20 c by the spring force of the torsion spring 23 to move the second lens group L2, which is held by the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a, onto the optical axis Z1. The position of the cylindrical lens holder portion 21 a at this time, when the second lens group L2 is moved onto the optical axis Z1 by the spring force of the torsion spring 23, is defined by the engagement of the stop protrusion 20 d with the engaging protrusion 21 d. At this time, the optical axis of the second lens group L2 is coincident with the optical axis Z1. When the second lens group L2 is in the photographing position on the optical axis Z1 in a ready-to-photograph state, the position-control projection 21 f is disengaged from the cam surface 11 a 2, and is positioned in front of the cam surface 11 a 2.

Conversely, in a state where the second lens group L2 is in the photographing position on the optical axis Z1 in a ready-to-photograph state, if the rotatable lens frame 21 moves rearward along the rotational axis Z2, firstly the position-control projection 21 f is engaged with the cam surface 11 a 2 and subsequently the rotatable lens frame 21 rotates about the eccentric pivot 20 c so that the second lens group L2 moves to a position (removed position) on the eccentric optical axis Z1′ from a position on the optical axis Z1 by engagement of the position-control projection 21 f with the cam surface 11 a 2. In this state where the second lens group L2 is in the removed position on the eccentric optical axis Z1′, the cylindrical swing portion 21 c is partly positioned in the cutaway portion 20 f. At this time, the eccentric optical axis Z1′ is positioned within the second lens group support frame 20 and within the inner periphery of the cam ring 18. In other words, although the cylindrical swing portion 21 c is partly positioned in the cutaway portion 20 f, with the eccentric optical axis Z1′ positioned within the second lens group support frame 20, the eccentric optical axis Z1′ is positioned such that the cylindrical swing portion 21 c does not interfere with a rotational member such as the cam ring 18.

Operations of the retractable zoom lens 10 having the above described structure will be hereinafter discussed. When the retractable zoom lens 10 is in the fully retracted position as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B, the outer linear barrel 16, the inner linear barrels 17, the cam ring 18, and the linear guide ring 19 are all fully accommodated in the opening 13 a of the front exterior frame 13. In this state, immediately after a main switch MS (see FIG. 1) of the digital camera is turned ON, the rotating ring 14 is driven to rotate in a predetermined rotational direction by forward rotation of the pinion 15 to extend the outer and inner linear barrels 16 and 17 forward from the opening 13 a by a predetermined angle of rotation so that the retractable zoom lens 10 changes from the fully retracted state to a ready-to-photograph state at the wide-angle extremity. The rotation of the rotating ring 14 is transferred to the cam ring 18, so that the cam ring 18 advances to the most extended position thereof by engagement of the set of follower pins 18 b with the set of cam through slots 12 c. In the process of this movement of the cam ring 18 to the frontmost position thereof, the outer linear barrel 16, the inner linear barrels 17, the cam ring 18 and the linear guide ring 19 extend forward from the opening 13 a. Subsequently, the linear guide ring 19 and the outer linear barrel 16 linearly move forward together with the cam ring 18 while each of the inner linear barrel 17 and the second lens group support frame 20 advances toward a ready-to-photograph position thereof at the wide-angle extremity. Thereafter, when the second lens group support frame 20 advances to the ready-to-photograph position thereof at the wide-angle extremity, the position-control projection 21 f advances while sliding on the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1 to move from the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1 to the cam surface 11 a 2. Immediately after the position-control projection 21 f moves to the cam surface 11 a 2 from the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1, the rotatable lens frame 21 rotates about the eccentric pivot 20 c by the spring force of the torsion spring 23 in a direction to move the second lens group L2 until the stop protrusion 20 d abuts against the engaging protrusion 21 d, whereat the optical axis of the second lens group L2 coincides with the optical axis Z1. This state where the stop protrusion 20 d is engaged with the engaging protrusion 21 d is a ready-to-photograph state at the wide-angle extremity as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3A.

In this ready-to-photograph state at the wide-angle extremity, if a zoom switch ZS (see FIG. 1) is manually operated to drive the pinion 15, the cam ring 18 rotates about the rotational axis Z2 at a fixed position without moving along the rotational axis Z2 (optical axis Z1). This rotation of the cam ring 18 causes the second lens group support frame 20 and the inner linear barrel 17 to move along the rotational axis Z2 (optical axis Z1) in a predetermined moving manner in accordance with the contours of the set of cam grooves 18 c and the contours of the set of cam grooves 18 d, respectively. Since the second lens group support frame 20 carries the rotatable lens frame 21 while the first lens group L1 is supported by the inner linear barrel 17, a zooming operation is performed by movements of the first and second lens groups L1 and L2 along the optical axis Z1. A focusing operation is performed by driving the third lens group L3 along the optical axis Z1 in accordance with an object distance.

Immediately after the main switch MS of the digital camera is turned OFF, the pinion 15 is driven reverse to move the cam ring 18 rearward beyond the wide-angle extremity position thereof. In the process of this rearward movement of the cam ring 18, the second lens group support frame 20 and the inner linear barrel 17 move rearward along the rotational axis Z2 due to engagement of the set of cam grooves 18 c with the set of follower projections 20 a and engagement of the set of cam grooves 18 d with the set of follower pins 17 a. The rearward movement of the second lens group support frame 20 firstly causes the position-control projection 21 f of the rotatable lens frame 21 to come into contact with the cam surface 11 a 2 of the position-control cam bar 11 a, and subsequently causes the rotatable lens frame 21 to rotate about the eccentric pivot 20 c by engagement of the position-control projection 21 f with the cam surface 11 a 2 so that the second lens group L2 withdraws from the optical axis Z1. Subsequently, the position-control projection 21 f moves onto the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1 from the cam surface 11 a 2 to hold the second lens group L2 in the removed position thereof. Subsequently, the cam ring 18 further moves rearward after the second lens group L2 has removed to be positioned on the eccentric optical axis Z1′ while the inner linear barrel 17, which supports the first lens group L1, moves rearward due to the engagement of the set of cam grooves 18 c with the set of follower projections 20 a. At the same time, the second lens group support frame 20 moves rearward due to engagement of the set of cam grooves 18 d with the set of follower pins 17 a, while the position-control projection 21 f moves rearward while maintaining the engagement with the removed-position holding surface 11 a 1 (i.e., while holding the second lens group L2 on the eccentric optical axis Z1′) to bring the retractable zoom lens 10 into a fully retracted state as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B.

Obvious changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the present invention described herein, such modifications being within the spirit and scope of the invention claimed. It is indicated that all matter contained herein is illustrative and does not limit the scope of the present invention.

The fundamental principle of the present invention is that an element of a plurality of optical elements is removed from a position on the optical axis of the plurality of optical elements to a different position outside of the optical axis, and the removed element and at least one element of the remaining optical element(s) of the plurality of optical elements are moved rearward along the optical axis, for the purpose of refracting the plurality of optical elements from a ready-to-photograph state which initially lie on a single optical axis. Accordingly, the structure of the retractable lens system according to the present invention is not limited solely to that of the above illustrated embodiment as long as the structure is designed on this fundamental principle.

For example, in a second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, when the retractable zoom lens 10 is in a fully retracted state, the first lens group L1 can also be removed from the optical axis Z1 in addition to the second lens group L2, so that the first lens group L1 is radially moved to an eccentric optical axis (removable-element optical axis) Z1″ and the second lens group L2 is radially moved to the eccentric optical axis Z1′. In the second embodiment, since all of the first through third lens groups L1, L2 and L3 are positioned so as to overlap in the same positional range in the optical axis direction, the length (the thickness in the optical axis direction) of the retractable zoom lens 10 at the fully retracted state is even further shortened.

Furthermore, the method of removing (radially moving) the lens groups from the optical axis Z1 can also differ from that of the first embodiment. For example, in a third embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the optical axis Z1′ of the second lens group L2, which has been removed from the optical axis Z1, extends in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis Z1. Alternatively, in a fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the optical axis Z1′ of the second lens group L2, which has been removed from the optical axis Z1, extends in a direction inclined (not parallel) to the optical axis Z1. In other words, in the present invention, the optical axis Z1′ of the optical element(s) removed from the optical axis Z1 can extend in a direction parallel to the optical axis Z1, as in the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 through 10), or can extend in a direction inclined to the optical axis Z1.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the radial direction of movement of the optical elements when being removed from the optical axis Z1 can be any desirable direction. For example, FIGS. 14 and 15 show a rectangular camera body 40 having the retractable zoom lens 10 of the present invention. In FIG. 14, the second lens group L2 which has the smallest lens diameter is moved in directly upward direction. In FIG. 15, the second lens group L2 which has the smallest lens diameter is moved in an upper diagonal direction, and the first lens group L1 which has the largest lens diameter is moved horizontally toward the left side as viewed from the front. The present invention is not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 are examples, and the combination (number) of the optical elements and the direction of movement when the optical element(s) is removed from the optical axis Z1 is not limited thereto.

Although the second lens group L2 is the optical element among the optical elements of the photographing optical system which is removed from a position on the optical axis thereof in the above illustrated embodiment of the retractable zoom lens, one or more of any other optical element such as the diaphragm shutter S and the low-pass filter F can constitute the removable optical element(s) in the same manner as the second lens group L2 of the above illustrated embodiment of the retractable lens system.

Although the above illustrated embodiment of the retractable lens system is a zoom lens, the present invention can also be applied to a retractable type fixed-focal-length lens. 

1. A retractable lens having an object side and an image side, the lens comprising a plurality of optical elements, all of said optical elements being positioned along a common optical axis to comprise a photographing optical system when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said plurality of optical elements including at least one element that is positioned out of said common optical axis when the retractable lens is in a position in which no photograph can be taken, said at least one element and at least one other element of said plurality of elements being positioned closer to the image side when the retractable lens is in a position in which no photograph can be taken than when the retractable lens is in the ready-to-photograph position.
 2. The retractable lens according to claim 1, wherein when said at least one optical element is positioned out of said common optical axis, all of said optical elements other than said at least one optical element are positioned along to said common optical axis.
 3. The retractable lens according to claim 1, wherein an optical axis of said at least one element is parallel to said common optical axis when said retractable lens is in said position in which no photograph can be taken.
 4. The retractable lens according to claim 3, wherein said at least one element is moved along said optical axis of said at least one element, when said retractable lens is moved into said position in which no photograph can be taken.
 5. The retractable lens according to claim 1, wherein said at least one element includes a plurality of elements that is positioned out of the common optical axis when the retractable lens is in a position in which no photograph can be taken.
 6. The retractable lens according to claim 5, wherein each element of said plurality of elements that is positioned out of said common axis is movable in a different radial direction from said common optical axis to a respective position out of the common optical axis.
 7. The retractable lens according to claim 1, further comprising a rotational member for moving at least one of said plurality of optical elements along said common optical axis, said rotational member having a periphery and a rotational axis which is eccentric to said common optical axis.
 8. The retractable lens according to claim 7, wherein said at least one element is positioned within the periphery of said rotational member when said retractable lens is in the position in which no photograph can be taken.
 9. The retractable lens according to claim 7, wherein said rotational member comprises a cam ring.
 10. The retractable lens according to claim 1, wherein said retractable lens is incorporated in a camera.
 11. The retractable lens according to claim 10, said camera having a main switch, said retractable lens being moved to said position in which no photograph can be taken when a main switch of said camera is turned OFF.
 12. The retractable lens according to claim 1, further comprising a support frame which supports said at least one element, wherein when the retractable lens is located at the position in which no photograph can be taken, at least a portion of said at least one element is positioned out of said common optical axis and within said support frame.
 13. The retractable lens according to claim 1, further comprising a barrel in which at least one of said plurality of optical elements is positioned.
 14. The retractable lens according to claim 1, further comprising: a camera body that houses said plurality of optical elements; and a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of optical elements.
 15. A method of retracting a retractable lens having a plurality of optical elements, an object side and an image side, wherein all of said plurality of optical elements are positioned along a common optical axis and comprise a photographing optical system when said retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said method comprising: moving at least one element of said plurality of optical elements to a position away from the common optical axis and toward the image side; and moving at least one other element of the plurality of optical elements along the common optical axis toward the image side and into a position in which no photograph can be taken.
 16. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, wherein when said at least one element is positioned away from the common optical axis, all of the optical elements other than the at least one element are positioned along said common optical axis.
 17. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, wherein moving said at least one element to a position away from the common optical axis comprises moving said at least one element in a direction which is generally radially away from the common optical axis, and then moving said optical element toward said image side in a direction generally parallel to said common optical axis.
 18. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, wherein an optical axis of said at least one element is substantially parallel to said common optical axis when said retractable lens is in said position in which no photograph can be taken.
 19. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, wherein the at least one element and the at least one other element are moved at different rates.
 20. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, wherein movement of the at least one other element along the common optical axis toward the image side occurs substantially simultaneously with movement of the at least one other element into the position in which no photograph can be taken.
 21. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, the at least one element being supported within a support frame, the method including moving the at least one element to a position away from the common optical axis and toward the image side occurs while at least a portion of the at least one element remains within the support frame.
 22. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, further comprising a barrel in which at least a portion of the plurality of optical elements is positioned.
 23. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 15, wherein moving of at least one element includes moving a plurality of elements to a position away from the common optical axis.
 24. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 23, further comprising moving each element of the plurality of elements that is positioned away from the common axis in a different radial direction from the common optical axis to a respective position away from the common optical axis.
 25. The method of retracting a retractable lens according to claim 24, further comprising a camera housing the plurality of optical elements and a motor that moves the plurality of optical elements.
 26. A retractable zoom lens comprising a plurality of lens groups movable along an optical axis to vary focal length during a zooming operation of the zoom lens, at least one lens group of said plurality of lens groups being movable away from said optical axis, wherein a plane which is generally perpendicular to the optical axis extends through said at least one lens group and at least one other lens group when said at least one lens group is moved away from said optical axis.
 27. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, wherein said at least one lens group has the smallest diameter of any lens group of said plurality of lens groups.
 28. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, further comprising: an object side and an image side; and an adjustable diaphragm having a variable diameter aperture; wherein said adjustable diaphragm is positioned between two adjacent lens groups of said plurality of lens groups; and wherein said at least one lens group is at positioned between said adjustable diaphragm and said image side when said zoom lens is in a ready-to-photograph position.
 29. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 28, wherein said adjustable diaphragm comprises a diaphragm shutter.
 30. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, further comprising an adjustable diaphragm having an aperture, the diameter of said aperture being variable; wherein said adjustable diaphragm is positioned between two adjacent lens groups of said plurality of lens groups; and wherein said at least one lens group is positioned closer to said adjustable diaphragm than any other lens group of said plurality of lens groups when said zoom lens is in a ready-to-photograph position.
 31. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 30, wherein said adjustable diaphragm comprises a diaphragm shutter.
 32. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, further comprising an object side and an image side, wherein said at least one lens group is positioned on the image side of a most object side lens group of said plurality of lens groups.
 33. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, wherein when said at least one lens group is moved away from said optical axis, no photograph can be taken.
 34. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, further comprising a support frame which supports said at least one lens group, wherein when said at least one lens group is moved to a position away from said optical axis, at least a portion of said at least one lens group is positioned within said support frame.
 35. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, further comprising a barrel in which at least one of said plurality of lens groups is positioned.
 36. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 26, further comprising: a camera body that houses said plurality of optical elements; and a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of optical elements.
 37. A method of retracting a zoom lens having a plurality of lens groups, the method comprising: varying a relative position of each of said lens groups to correspondingly vary a focal length of the zoom lens along an optical axis during a zooming operation; and moving at least one lens group of the plurality of lens groups away from said optical axis such that a plane which is generally perpendicular to the optical axis extends through said at least one lens group and at least one other lens group.
 38. A mechanism for pivoting a lens, comprising: a support element, a lens frame supported by said support element, said lens frame being pivotable in a direction generally transverse to a photographing optical axis, and a cam bar extending generally parallel to the optical axis, the distance between said cam bar and said support element being variable along the optical axis, wherein said cam bar engages a cam follower located on said lens frame such that when the distance between said lens frame and said support element is equal to a predetermined value, said cam bar pivots said lens frame.
 39. The mechanism according to claim 38, wherein said cam bar comprises: a support surface positioned along a side edge of said cam bar, said support surface extending in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis; and a cam surface at an end of said cam bar facing a direction toward said lens frame, said cam surface inclined relative to the optical axis, wherein said cam follower engages said cam surface when the distance between said lens frame and said support element is equal to the predetermined value.
 40. The mechanism according to claim 38, said lens frame comprising a cylindrical swing portion extending generally parallel to the photographing optical axis, said swing portion pivotably supporting said lens frame on said support element, said cam follower radially extending from said swing portion.
 41. The mechanism according to claim 38, said cam bar being positioned on a stationary frame, said support element being movable relative to said stationary frame in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis.
 42. The mechanism according to claim 38, wherein said support element is a ring accommodating at least a portion of said lens frame.
 43. A retractable lens having an object side and an image side, the lens comprising a plurality of optical elements, all of said elements being positioned along a common optical axis to comprise a photographing optical system when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said plurality of optical elements including at least one element that is movable out of said common optical axis into a position in which no photograph can be taken, said at least one element being positioned closer to the image side when said at least one element is moved to the position in which no photograph can be taken than when the retractable lens is in the ready-to-photograph position.
 44. The lens according to claim 43, further comprising a camera body that houses said plurality of optical elements.
 45. The lens according to claim 44, further comprising a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of optical elements.
 46. The lens according to claim 43, wherein when said at least one optical element is moved out of said common optical axis, all of said optical elements other than said at least one optical element are positioned along said common optical axis.
 47. A method of moving a retractable lens having a plurality of optical elements, an object side and an image side, wherein all of the plurality of optical elements are positioned along a common optical axis and comprise a photographing optical system when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, the method comprising moving at least one element of the plurality of optical elements to a position away from the common optical axis and toward the image side and into a position in which no photograph can be taken.
 48. The method of moving a retractable lens according to claim 47, further comprising a camera body that houses the plurality of optical elements.
 49. The method of moving a retractable lens according to claim 48, further comprising a motor housed within the camera body, the motor driving the plurality of optical elements.
 50. The lens according to claim 47, wherein when said at least one optical element is moved to the position away the common optical axis, all of the optical elements other than the at least one optical element are positioned along said common optical axis
 51. A retractable zoom lens comprising: a plurality of lens groups, at least some of said lens groups being positionable along an optical axis to vary a focal length during a zooming operation of the zoom lens; at least one support frame supporting at least one lens group of said plurality of lens groups, said at least one lens group being radially pivotable, in a direction away from said plurality of lens groups, about an axis extending within said at least one support frame and substantially parallel to the optical axis, such that a plane which is generally perpendicular to the optical axis extends through said at least one lens group and at least one other lens group.
 52. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 51, wherein said at least one support frame supports said at least one lens group and another lens group.
 53. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 51, further comprising a camera body that houses said plurality of lens groups.
 54. The retractable zoom lens according to claim 53, further comprising a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of lens groups.
 55. A retractable lens having an object side and an image side, the lens comprising a plurality of lens elements, all of said lens elements being positioned along a common optical axis to comprise a photographing optical system when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said plurality of lens elements including at least one lens element that is positioned out of said common optical axis when the retractable lens is in a position in which no photograph can be taken, and other lens elements which are always positioned along the common optical axis, wherein a distance between a lens element located closest to the object side and a lens element located closest to the image side of said other lens elements, when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, is different from a distance between the lens element located closest to the object side and the lens element located closest to the image side when the retractable lens is in the position in which no photograph can be taken.
 56. The lens according to claim 55, further comprising a camera body that houses said plurality of lens elements.
 57. The lens according to claim 56, further comprising a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of lens elements.
 58. The lens according to claim 55, further comprising an image capturing device located along the common optical axis at a position that does not move from the common optical axis.
 59. A method of retracting a retractable lens having a plurality of optical elements, an object side and an image side, wherein all of said plurality of optical elements are positioned along a common optical axis and comprise a photographing optical system when said retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said method comprising: moving at least one element of said plurality of optical elements to a position away from the common optical axis; and varying the distance between at least two other elements of said plurality of elements positioned along the optical axis while moving the at least one element into the position away from the common optical axis.
 60. A retractable lens having an object side and an image side, the lens comprising a plurality of lens elements, all of said lens elements being positioned along a common optical axis to comprise a photographing optical system when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said plurality of lens elements including one rearwardmost optical element positioned closest to said image side, said plurality of lens elements further including at least one lens element that is positioned out of said common optical axis when the retractable lens is in a position in which no photograph can be taken and other elements which are always positioned along the common optical axis, such that when the retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, the distance between said at least one lens element and said rearwardmost optical element in a direction parallel to the common optical axis is different from the distance between said at least one lens element and said rearwardmost optical element, in the direction parallel to the common optical axis, when the retractable lens is in the position in which no photograph can be taken.
 61. The lens according to claim 60, said at least one lens element being positioned closer to the image side when the retractable lens is in a position in which no photograph can be taken than when the retractable lens is in the ready-to-photograph position.
 62. The lens according to claim 60, further comprising a camera body that houses said plurality of lens elements.
 63. The lens according to claim 62, further comprising a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of lens elements.
 64. A method of retracting a retractable lens having a plurality of optical elements, an object side and an image side, wherein all of said plurality of optical elements are positioned along a common optical axis and comprise a photographing optical system when said retractable lens is in a ready-to-photograph position, said method comprising: moving at least one element of said plurality of optical elements to a position away from the common optical axis and toward the image side; and varying a distance, in a direction parallel to the common optical axis, between said at least one element and at least one other element of said plurality of elements while said at least one element is being moved.
 65. A lens block comprising: a plurality of lens groups; and a lens barrel movable along an optical axis between and including a plurality of photographic positions and at least one position in which no photograph can be taken, wherein when said lens barrel is positioned in all of said plurality of photographic positions, all of said lens groups are positioned along the optical axis, and when said lens barrel is positioned in said at least one position in which no photograph can be taken, at least one lens group of said plurality of lens groups is positioned out of the optical axis, and at least another lens group of said plurality of lens groups is positioned along the optical axis, such that at least a portion of said at least one lens group and at least a portion of said at least another lens group are positioned along a plane which is generally perpendicular to the optical axis.
 66. The lens block according to claim 65, further comprising a camera body that houses said plurality of lens groups.
 67. The lens block according to claim 66, further comprising a motor housed within said camera body, said motor being operable to drive said plurality of lens groups.
 68. A method for operating a barrel and a plurality of lens groups, the method comprising: moving the barrel along an optical axis between and including a plurality of photographic positions and at least one position in which no photograph can be taken; positioning all of the lens groups along the optical axis when the barrel is in all of the plurality of photographic positions; and positioning at least one lens group of the plurality of lens groups out of the optical axis and at least another lens group of the plurality of lens groups along the optical axis, such that at least a portion of the at least one lens group and at least a portion of the at least another lens group are located along a plane which is generally perpendicular to the optical axis, when the barrel is in the at least one position in which no photograph can be taken.
 69. The method according to claim 68, further comprising a camera body that houses said plurality of lens groups.
 70. The method according to claim 69, further comprising a motor housed within said camera body, said motor driving said plurality of lens groups. 